EL++ Implementation Notes

Originally published on Thu, 04/04/2013 - 11:33

Below is a summary of the Arity/Prolog term form of EL++ that we have implemented (including Prolog operator definitions).

Axioms:

Role inclusion        R1 @< R2    op(700,xfx)

Role equality         R1 @= R2    op(700,xfx) (nonstd op)

Concept inclusion     C1 < C2     op(600,xfx)

Concept equality      C1 = C2     op(700,xfy)

Role operator:

Composition            R1 * R2    (uses std op(400,yfx))

Concept operators:

Conjunction            list [C1, ... Cn]

Existential            e(R,C)                    

Top                    '$t'

Bottom                 '$b'

Nominal                n(I)       (singleton name for non-unique individual)

Concrete               cc(T)      Term is for concrete concept (NYI)

ABox assertions:

  Concept                Nom << Concept  op(550,yfx)

  Role                   r(Role,Nom1,Nom2)

References

More information on Ontologies and DLs may be found at the following sites:

• The DL Home Page http://dl.kr.org/

• The DAML Home Page http://www.daml.org/

• The Semantic Web Home Page http://www.semanticweb.org/

• The International Conference on Automated Reasoning with Analytic Tableaux and Related Methods http://i12www.ira.uka.de/TABLEAUX/

• The Laboratory for Applied Ontology http://ontology.ip.rm.cnr.it/Publications.html

• Baader, F., Brandt, S., and Küsters, R. Matching under side conditions in description logics. In B. Nebel, editor, Proc. of IJCAI-01, pages 213–218, Seattle, Washington, 2001. Morgan Kaufmann.

• Borgida, A., Franconi, E., and Horrocks, I. Explaining ALC subsumption. In Proc. of ECAI 2000, pages 209–213. IOS Press, 2000. D. Calvanese, G. De Giacomo, M. Lenzerini, D. Nardi, and R. Rosati. A principled approach to data integration and reconciliation in data warehousing. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Design and Management of Data Warehouses (DWDM’99), 1999.

• Horrocks, I. DAML+OIL: a reason-able web ontology language. In Proc. Of EDBT 2002, number 2287 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages2–13. Springer-Verlag, Mar. 2002.

• Horrocks, I. Optimized Reasoning for SHIQ. E0175

• Horrocks, I. , Sattler, U. , and Tobies S. “Reasoning with Individuals for the Description Logic SHIQ.”

• Horrocks, I., Patel-Schneider, P. F., and van Harmelen, F. Reviewing the design of DAML+OIL: An ontology language for the semantic web. In Proc.of AAAI 2002, 2002.

• Horrocks, I. and Sattler, U. Ontology reasoning in the SHOQ(D) description logic. In B. Nebel, editor, Proc. of IJCAI-01, pages 199–204. Morgan Kaufmann, 2001.

• Horrocks, I., Kutz O., and Sattler, U. The Even More Irresistible SROIQ. 2006.

• Horrocks, I. , Sattler, U. , and Tobies S. A Description Logic with Transitive and Converse Roles, Role Hierarchies and Qualifying Number Restrictions. LTCS-Report LTCS-99-08, LuFG Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH Aachen, 1999. Revised version.

• Horrocks, I. and Tessaris, S. Querying the semantic web: a formal approach. In I. Horrocks and J. Hendler, editors, Proc. of the 2002 International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2002), number 2342 in Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer-Verlag, 2002.

• Lutz, C. The Complexity of Reasoning with Concrete Domains. PhD thesis, Teaching and Research Area for Theoretical Computer Science, RWTH Aachen, 2001.